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Encyclopedia Britannica



JUSTIN II

This article appears in Volume V15, Page 596 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: JUN-KHA
JUSTIN II . (d. 578),
East
  Roman emperor (565-578), was the nephew and successor of Justinian I. He availed himself of his influence as master of the palace, and as husband of
Sophia
 , the niece of the
late
  empress Theodora, to secure a peaceful election. The first few days of his reignwhen he paid his uncle's debts, administered justice in person, and proclaimed universal religious tolerationgave
bright
  promise, but in the face of the lawless aristocracy and defiant governors of provinces he effected few subsequent reforms. The most important event of his reign was the invasion of Italy by the Lombards (q.v.), who, entering in 568, under Alboin, in a few years made themselves masters of nearly the entire country.
Justin
 's attention was distracted from Italy towards the N. and E. frontiers. After refusing to pay the Avars
tribute
 , he fought several unsuccessful campaigns against them. In 572 his overtures to the Turks led to a war with Persia. - After two disastrous campaigns, in which his enemies overran Syria,
Justin
  bought a
precarious
  peace by payment of a yearly
tribute
 . The temporary fits of
insanity
  into which he fell warned him to name a colleague. Passing over his own relatives, he raised, on the advice of
Sophia
 , the general Tiberius (q.v.) to be Caesar in December 574 and withdrew for his remaining years into retirement.
See E. Gibbon, Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (ed. Bury, 1896), v. 2-17; G. Finlay, History of
Greece
  (ed. 1877), 1. 291-297; J. Bury, The Later Roman Empire (1889), ii. 67-79. (M. O. B. C.)


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