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Encyclopedia Britannica



JUSSIEU, DE

This article appears in Volume V15, Page 594 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: JUN-KHA
JUSSIEU, DE , the name of a French family which came into prominent notice towards the close of the 16th century, and for a century and a half was distinguished for the botanists it produced. The following are its more eminent members:
I. ANTOINE DE JUSSIEU (1686-1758), born at Lyons on the 6th of July 1686, was the son of Christophe de Jussieu (or Dejussieu), an apothecary of some repute, who published a Nouveau traite de la theriaque (1708). Antoine studied at the university of Montpellier, and travelled with his brother
Bernard
  through Spain, Portugal and southern France. He went to Paris in 1708, J. P. de Tournefort, whom he succeeded at the Jardin des Plantes, dying in that year. His own
original
  publications are not of marked importance, but he edited an edition of Tournefort's Institutiones rei herbariae (3 vols., 1719), and also a posthumous
work
  of Jacques Barrelier, Plantae per Galliam, Hispaniam, et Italiam observatae, &c. (1714). He practised
medicine
 , chiefly devoting himself to the very poor. He died at Paris on the 22nd of April 1758.
2.
BERNARD
  DE JUSSIEU (1699-1777), a younger brother of the above, was born at Lyons on the 17th of August 1699. He took a medical degree at Montpellier and began practice in 1720, but finding the
work
  uncongenial he gladly accepted his brother's invitation to Paris in 1722, when he succeeded Sebastien Valliant as sub-demonstrator of plants in the Jardin du Roi. In 1725 he brought out a new edition of Tournefort's Histoire des Mantes qui naissent aux environs de Paris, 2 vols., which was afterwards translated into English by John Martyn, the
original
  work being incomplete. In the same year he was admitted into the academie des sciences, and communicated several papers to that
body
 . Long before Abraham Trembley (1700-1784) published his Histoire des polypes d'eau deuce, Jussieu maintained the doctrine that these organisms were animals, and not the
flowers
  of marine plants, then the current notion; and to confirm his views he made
three journeys to the
coast
  of Normandy. Singularly modest all the judges in the supreme court of judicaturea judge in the High Court of Justice being styled Mr Justice, and in the court of appeal Lord Justice. The president of the king's bench division of the High Court is styled Lord
Chief
  Justice (q.v.). The word is also applied, and perhaps more usually, to certain subordinate magistrates who administer justice in
minor
  matters, and who are usually called justices of the peace (q.v.).


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