JUMALA

This article appears in Volume V15, Page 553 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: JEE-JUN

JUMALA , the supreme god of the ancient Finns and Lapps. Among some tribes he is called Num or Jilibeambaertje, as protector of the flocks. Jumala indicates rather godhead than
a divine being. In the runes Ukko, the grandfather, the sender of the thunder, takes the place of Jumala.
JUMI$GES, a

village

VILLAGE

of north-western France, in the department of Seine-Inferieure, 17 M. W. of Rouen by road, on a peninsula formed by a bend of the Seine. Pop. (1906), 244. Jumieges is famous for the imposing ruins of its abbey, one of the

great

GREAT

establishments of the

Benedictine

BENEDICTINE

order. The principal remains are those of the abbey-church, built from 1040 to 1067; these comprise the facade with two towers, the walls of the

nave

NAVE

, a

wall

WALL (O. Eng. weal, weall, Mid. Eng. wal, wane, adapted from Lat. vallum, rampart; the
original
- ORIGINAL
O. Eng. word for a wall was wag or tenth)
WALL, RICHARD (1694-1778)

and sustaining arch of the

great

GREAT

central tower and debris of the choir (restored in the 13th century). Among the

minor

relics, preserved in a small museum in a building of the 14th century, are the stone which once covered the grave of Agnes Sorel, and two recumbent figures of the 13th century, commonly known as the Enerves, and representing, according to one legend, two sons of Clovis II., who, as a punishment for revolt against their father, had the tendons of their arms and legs cut, and were set adrift in a boat on the Seine. Another tradition states that the statues represent Thassilo, duke of Bavaria, and Theodo his son, relegated to Jumieges by Charlemagne. The church of St Pierre, which adjoins the south side of the abbey-church, was built in the 14th century as a continuation of a previous church of the time of Charlemagne, of which a fragment still survives. Among the other ruins, those of the chapter-

house

HOUSE
HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in
Gothic
- GOTHIC
it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

(13th century) and

refectory

REFECTORY (med. Lat. refectorium, from reficere, to refresh)

(12th and 15th centuries) also survive.
The abbey of Jumieges was founded about the middle of the 7th century by St Philibert, whose name is still to be read on gold and silver coins obtained from the site. The abbey was destroyed by the Normans, but was rebuilt in 928 by William Longsword, duke of Normandy, and continued to exist till 1790. Charles VII. often resided there with Agnes Sorel, who had a manor at Mesnil-sous-Jumieges in the neighbourhood, and died in the monastery in 1450.

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