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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: JEE-JUN |
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JOHN DE PELHAM , who was one of the captors of John II. of France at Poitiers, acquired land at Winchelsea by his marriage with Joan Herbert, or Finch. His son, JOHN DE PELHAM (d. 1429), was attached to the party of John of Gaunt and his son Henry IV. In 1393 he received a life appointment as constable of Pevensey Castle, an honour subsequently extended to his heirs male, and he joined Henry on his invasion in 1399, if he did not actually land with him at Ravenspur. He was knighted at Henry's coronation, and represented Sussex in parliament repeatedly during the reign of Henry IV., and again in 1422 and 1427. As constable of Pevensey he had at different times the charge of Edward, duke of York
earl
chief
In the reign of Queen Elizabeth Sir WILLIAM PELHAM (c. 1530-1587), third son of Sir William Pelham (d. 1538) of Laughton, Sussex, became lord justice of Ireland. He was captain of pioneers at the siege of Leith in 156o, and served at the siege of Havre in 1562, and with Coligny at Caen in 1563. He then returned to Havre , at that time occupied by English troops, and was one of the hostages for the fulfilment of its surrender to Charles IX. in 1564. After his return to England he fortified Berwick among other places, and was appointed lieutenant-general of ordnance. He was sent to Ireland in 1579, when he was knighted by Sir William Drury, the lord justice. Drury died in October, and Pelham was provisionally made his successor, an appointment subsequently confirmed by Elizabeth. Alarmed by the proceedings of Gerald Fitzgerald, 15th earl
series of " drives." After the arrival of the new deputy, Lord Grey of Wilton, Pelham returned to England on the ground of health. He had retained his office as lieutenant-general of ordnance, and was now made responsible for debts incurred during his absence. Leicester desired his services in the Nether-lands, but it was only after much persuasion that Elizabeth set him free to join the army by accepting a mortgage on his estates as security for his liabilities. The favour shown by Leicester to Pelham caused serious jealousies among the English officers, and occasioned a camp brawl in which Sir Edward Norris was injured. Pelham was wounded at Doesburg in 1586, and accompanied Leicester to England in 1587. Returning to the Netherlands in the same year he died at Flushing on the 24th of November 1587. His half-brother, Sir Edmund Pelham (d. 16o6), chief
Sir William married Eleanor, daughter of Henry Neville, earl of Westmorland, and was the ancestor of the Pelhams of Brocklesby
Sir NICHOLAS PELHAM (15,7-1560), an elder half-brother of Sir William Pelham, defended Seaford against the French in 1545, and sat for Arundel and for Sussex in parliament. He was the ancestor of the earls of Chichester. His second son, Sir THOMAS PELHAM (d. 1624), was created a baronet in 1611. His descendant, Sir THOMAS PELHAM, 4th baronet (c. 1650-1712), represented successively East Grinstead, Lewes and Sussex in parliament, and was raised to the House of Lords as Baron Pelham of Laughton in 1706. By his second marriage with Grace (d. 1700), daughter of Gilbert Holles, 3rd earl of Clare, and sister of John Holles, duke of Newcastle, he had five daughters, and two sonsThomas Pelham, earl of Clare, duke of Newcastle-on-Tyne and 1st duke of Newcastle-under-Lyme (see NEWCASTLE, DUKES oF), and Henry Pelham (q.v.). The duke of Newcastle died without heirs, and the dukedom of Newcastle-under-Lyme descended to his nephew, Henry Fiennes Clinton, afterwards known as Pelham-Clinton, and his heirs, but the barony of Pelham of Laughton became extinct. In 1762 Newcastle had been created Baron Pelham of Stanmer, with reversion to his cousin and heir -male, THOMAS PELHAM (1728-1805), who became commissioner of trade (1754), lord of the admiralty (1761-1764), comptroller of the household (1765-1794), privy councillor (1765), surveyor-general of the customs of London (1773-1805), chief justice in eyre (1774-1775) and keeper of the wardrobe (1975-1782), and was created earl of Chichester in 18oI. His third son, George (1766-1827), was successively bishop of Bristol, Exeter and Lincoln. THOMAS PELHAM, 2nd earl of Chichester (1756-1826), son of the 1st earl, was surveyor-general of ordnance in Lord Rockingham's ministry (1782), and chief secretary for Ireland in the coalition ministry of 1783. In 1795 he became Irish chief secretary under Pitt's government, retiring in 1798; he was home secretary from July 18o, to August 1803 under Addington, who made him chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster
heir , HENRY THOMAS PELHAM (1804-1886), 3rd earl, was an ecclesiastical commissioner from 185o until his death, and was greatly interested in various religious, philanthropic and educational movements; and two other sons were well-known menFrederick Thomas Pelham (i8o8-1861), who became a rear-admiral in 1858, and subsequently lord-commissioner of the admiralty, and John Thomas Pelham (1811-1894), who was bishop of Norwich from 1857 to 1893. The third earl's son, Walter John Pelham (1838-1892), succeeded his father in 1886, and his nephew Jocelyn Brudenell Pelham (b. 1871) became 6th earl of Chichester in 1905.End of Article: JOHN DE PELHAM If you wish, you can link directly to this article.
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