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Encyclopedia Britannica



JOHNSTON, SIR HENRY HAMILTON (1858- )

This article appears in Volume V15, Page 474 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: JEE-JUN
JOHNSTON, SIR HENRY HAMILTON (1858- ) , British
administrator
  and explorer, was born on the 12th of June 1858 at Kennington, London, and educated at Stockwell grammar school and King's College, London. He was a student for four years in the painting schools of the Royal Academy. At the age of eighteen he began a
series
  of travels in Europe and North Africa, chiefly as a student of painting, architecture and languages. In 1879-188o he visited the then little known interior of Tunisia. He had also a strong bent towards
zoology
  and comparative anatomy, and carried on
work
  of this description at the Royal College of Surgeons, of whose Hunterian Collection he afterwards became one of the trustees. In 1882 he joined the
earl
  of Mayo in an expedition to the southern part of Angola, a
district
  then much traversed by Transvaal Boers. In 1883 Johnston visited H. M. Stanley on the Congo, and was enabled by that explorer to visit the river above Stanley Pool at a time when it was scarcely known to other Europeans than Stanley and De Brazza. These journeys attracted the attention of the Royal Geographical Society and the British Association, and the last-named in concert with the Royal Society conferred on Johnston the leadership of the scientific expedition to
Mount
  Kilimanjaro which started from Zanzibar in April 1884. Johnston's
work
  in this region was also under the direction of Sir John Kirk, British
consul
  at Zanzibar. While in the Kilimanjaro
district
  Johnston concluded treaties with the chiefs of Moshi and Taveta (Taveita). These treaties or concessions were transferred to the merchants who founded the British
East
  Africa Company, and in the final agreement with Germany Taveta fell to
Great
  Britain. In October 1885 Johnston was appointed British vice-
consul
  in


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