JOANNA I

This article appears in Volume V15, Page 422 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: JEE-JUN

JOANNA I . (c. 1327-1382), queen of Naples, was the daughter of Charles duke of Calabria (d. 1328), and became sovereign of Naples in succession to her grandfather King Robert in 1343. Her first husband was Andrew, son of Charles Robert, king of

Hungary

HUNGARY
HUNGARY (Hungarian Magyarorszdg)

, who like the queen herself was a member of the

house

HOUSE
HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in
Gothic
- GOTHIC
it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

of Anjou. In 1345 Andrew was assassinated at Aversa, possibly with his wife's connivance, and at once

Joanna

JOANNA (1479-1555)

married Louis, son of Philip prince of Taranto. King Louis of

Hungary

HUNGARY
HUNGARY (Hungarian Magyarorszdg)

then came to Naples to avenge his brother's death, and the queen took

refuge

REFUGE

in Provencewhich came under her

rule

RULE

at the same time as Naplespurchasing pardon from

Pope

Clement VI. by selling to him the town of Avignon, then part of her dominions. Having returned to Naples in 1352 after the departure of Louis,

Joanna

JOANNA (1479-1555)

lost her second husband in 1362, and married James, king of

Majorca

MAJORCA (Mallorca)

(d. 1375), and later Otto of Brunswick, prince of Taranto. The queen had no sons, and as both her daughters were dead she made Louis I. duke of Anjou, brother of Charles V. of France, her

heir

HEIR (Lat. heres, from a root meaning to grasp, seen in heres or erus, master of a
house
- HOUSE
- HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in
  Gothic
  - GOTHIC
  it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)
, Gr. xeip, hand, Sans. hat ana, hand)

. This proceeding so angered Charles, duke of Durazzo, who regarded himself as the future king of Naples, that he seized the city. Joanna was captured and was put to death at Aversa on the 22nd of May 1382. The queen was a woman of intellectual tastes, and .was acquainted with some of the poets and scholars of her time, including Petrarch and Boccaccio.
See

Crivelli

CRIVELLI, CARLO

, Della prima e della seconda Giovanna, regine di Napoli (1832); G. Battaglia, Giovanna I., regina di Napoli (1835); W. St C. Baddeley, Queen Joanna I. of Naples (1893); Scarpetta, Giovanna I. di Napoli (1903) ; and Francesca M. Steele, The Beautiful Queen Joanna I. of Naples (1910).

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