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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: JEE-JUN |
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JERICHO (WI:, m;, once ahn:, a word of disputed meaning, whether " fragrant " or " moon [-god] city ") , an important town in the Jordan valley some 5 M. N. of the Dead Sea. The references to it in the Pentateuch are confined to rough geographical indications of the latitude
fully narrated in the first seven chapters of Joshua. There must be some little exaggeration in the statement that Jericho was totally destroyed; a hamlet large enough to be enumerated among the towns of Benjamin (Josh. xviii. 21) must have remained; but that it was small is shown by the fact that it was deemed a suitable place for David
work
spring in the neighbourhood of Jericho still bears (among the foreign residents) the name of Elisha; the natives call
spring ." To Jericho the victorious Israelite marauders magnanimously returned their Judahite captives at the bidding of the prophet Oded (2 Chron. xxviii. 15). Here was fought the last fight between the Babylonians and Zedekiah, wherein the kingdom of Judah came to an end (2 Kings xxv. 5; Jer. xxxix. 5, lii. 8). In the New Testament Jericho is connected with the well-known stories of Bar-Timaeus (Matt. xx. 29; Mark x. 46; Luke xviii. 35) and Zacchaeus (Luke xix. 1) and with the good Samaritan (Luke x. 30).The extra-Biblical history of Jericho is as disastrous as are the records preserved in the Scriptures. Bacchides, the general of the Syrians, captured and fortified it (i. Mace. ix. 50), Aristobulus (Jos. Ant. XIV. i. 2) also took it, Pompey (ib. XIV. iv. I) encamped here on his way to Jerusalem. Before Herod
great
Few places in Palestine are more fertile. It was the city of palm trees of the ancient record of the Israelite invasion preserved in part in Judg. i. 16; and Josephus speaks of its fruitfulness with enthusiasm (Wars IV. 8, 3). Even now with every possible hindrance in the way of cultivation it is an important centre of fruit-growing. The modern er-Riha is a poor squalid village
village
monasticism . Aqueducts, ruined sugar-mills, and other remains of ancient industry abound in the neighbourhood. The whole district
See " The German Excavations at Jericho," Pal. Explor. Fund, Quart. Statem. (1910), pp. 5468. End of Article: JERICHO (WI:, m;, once ahn:, a word of disputed meaning, whether " fragrant " or " moon [-god] city ") If you wish, you can link directly to this article.
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