JAURES, JEAN LEON (1859- )

This article appears in Volume V15, Page 284 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: INV-JED

JAURES, JEAN LEON (1859- ) , French Socialist leader, was born at Castres (Tarn) on the 3rd of September 1859. He was educated at the lycee Louis-le-Grand and the ecole normale superieure, and took his degree as associate in philosophy in 1881. After teaching philosophy for two years at the lycee of Albi (Tarn), he lectured at the university of Toulouse. He was elected republican deputy for the department of Tarn in 1885. In 1889, after unsuccessfully contesting Castres, he returned to his professional duties at Toulouse, where he took an active

interest

INTEREST

in municipal affairs, and helped to found the medical faculty of the university. He also prepared two theses for his doctorate in philosophy, De primis socialismi germanici lineamentis apud Lutherum, Kant, Fichte et

Hegel

HEGEL, GEORG WILHELM
FRIEDRICH
- FRIEDRICH, JOHANN (1836— )
(1770-1831)

(1891), and De la realite du monde sensible. In 1902 he gave energetic support to the miners of Carmaux who went out on strike in consequence of the dismissal of a socialist workman, Calvignac; and in the next year he was re-elected to the chamber as deputy for Albi. Although he was defeated at the election of 1898 and was for four years outside the chamber, his eloquent speeches made him a force in politics as an intellectual champion of

socialism

SOCIALISM

. He edited the Petite Republique, and was one of the most energetic defenders of Captain Alfred Dreyfus. He approved of the inclusion of M. Millerand, the socialist, in the Waldeck-Rousseau ministry, though this led, to a split with the more revolutionary section led by M. Guesde. In 1902 he was again returned as deputy for Albi, and during the Combes administration his influence secured the coherence of the radical-socialist coalition known as the bloc. In 1904 he founded the socialist

paper

PAPER
PAPER (Fr. papier, from Lat. papyrus)

, L'Humanite. The French socialist groups held a congress at Rouen in

March

1905, which resulted in a new consolidation; the new party, headed by MM.

Jaures

JAURES, JEAN LEON (1859- )

and Guesde, ceased to co-operate with the radicals and radical-socialists, and became known as the unified socialists, pledged to advance a collectivist programme. At the general elections of 1906 M.

Jaures

JAURES, JEAN LEON (1859- )

was again elected for the Tarn. His ability and vigour were now generally recognized; but the strength of the socialist party, and the

practical

PRACTICAL

activity of its leader, still had to reckon with the equally

practical

PRACTICAL

and vigorous liberalism of M. Clemenceau. The latter was able to appeal to his countrymen (in a notable
speech in the

spring

SPRING (from " to spring," " to leap or jump up," " burst out," O. Eng., springau, a common Teut. word, cf. Ger. springer, possibly allied to Gr. QnrFpxecOac, to move rapidly)

of r906) to rally to a radical programme which had no socialist Utopia in view; and the

appearance

APPEARANCE (from Lat. apparere, to appear)

in him of a strong and practical radical leader had the result of considerably diminishing the effect of the socialist propaganda. M. Jaures, in addition to his daily journalistic activity, published Les preuves; aJaire Dreyfus (1900); Action socialiste (1899); Etudes socialistes (1902), and, with other collaborators, Histoire socialiste (1901), &c.

End of Article: JAURES, JEAN LEON (1859- )

If you wish, you can link directly to this article.

<a href="http://jcsm.org/StudyCenter/Encyclopedia/INV_JED/JAURES_JEAN_LEON_1859_.html">
JAURES, JEAN LEON (1859- )
</a>

(Previous)
JAUREGUIBERRY, JEAN BERNARD (1815-1887)

(Next)
JAVA

JCSM was founded in 1997 and exists to help the community and bring people into a life-changing and productive relationship with Jesus Christ. JCSM offers over 200,000 free web pages, including its weekly inspirational emails that were sent continuously for over a decade.

Jesus Christ Saves Ministries
P.O. Box 9297
San Diego, CA 92169
1-888-887-0417 or Email