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Encyclopedia Britannica



JABLOCHKOV, PAUL (1847-1-894)

This article appears in Volume V15, Page 104 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: INV-JED
JABLOCHKOV, PAUL (1847-1-894) ,
Russian
 
electrical
  engineer and inventor, was born at Serdobsk, in the government of Saratov, on the 14th of September 1847, and educated at St
Petersburg
 . In 1871 he was appointed director of the telegraph lines between Moscow and Kursk, but in 1875 he resigned his position in order to devote himself to his researches on electric
lighting
  by arc lamps, which he had already taken up. In 1876 he settled in Paris, and towards the end of the year brought out his famous " candles," known by his name, which consisted of two carbon parallel rods, separated by a non-conducting
partition
 ; alternating currents were employed, and the candle was operated by a high-resistance carbon match connecting the tips of the rods, a true arc forming between the parallel carbons when this burnt off, and the separators volatilizing as the carbons burnt away. For a few years his
system
  of electric
lighting
  was widely adopted, but it was gradually superseded
(see LIGHTING: Electric) and is no longer in use. Jablochkov made various other
electrical
  inventions, but he died in poverty, having returned to
Russia
  on the 19th of
March
  1894.


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