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Encyclopedia Britannica



IVIZA, IBIZA

This article appears in Volume V15, Page 91 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: INV-JED
IVIZA, IBIZA or Iv19A, an island in the Mediterranean Sea, belonging to Spain, and forming part of the archipelago known as the Balearic Islands (q.v.). Pop. (1900) 23,524; area 228 sq. m. Iviza lies 5o m. S.W. of
Majorca
  and about 6o m. from Cape San Martin on the coast of Spain. Its greatest length from north-
east
  to
south
 -west is about 25 M. and its greatest breadth about 13 M. The coast is indented by numerous small bays, the principal of which are those of San Antonio on the north-west, and of Iviza on the
south
 -
east
 . Of all the Balearic group, Iviza is the most varied in its scenery and the most fruitful. The hilly parts which culminate in the Pico de Atalayasa (1560 ft.), are richly wooded. The climate is for the most part mild and agreeable, though the hot winds from the African coast are sometimes troublesome. Oil, corn and fruits (of which the most important are the fig, prickly pear, almond and carob-bean) are the principal products; hemp and flax are also grown, but the inhabitants are rather indolent, and their modes of culture are very primitive. There are numerous salt-pans along the coast, which were formerly worked by the Spanish government. Fruit, salt, char-coal, lead and stockings of native manufacture are exported. The imports are
rice
 , flour, sugar, woollen goods and
cotton
 . The
capital
  of the island, and, indeed, the only town of much importancefor the population is remarkably scatteredis Iviza or La Ciudad (6527), a fortified town on the south-east coast, consisting of a lower and upper portion, and possessing a good harbour, a 13th-century
Gothic
  collegiate church and an ancient castle. Iviza was the see of a bishop from 1782 to 1851.
South of Iviza lies the smaller and more irregular island of Formentera (pop., 1900, 2243; area, 37 sq. m.), which is said to derive its name from the production of wheat. With Iviza it agrees both in general
appearance
  and in the character of its products, but it is altogether destitute of streams. Goats and sheep are found in the mountains, and the coasts are greatly frequented by flamingoes. Iviza and Formentera are the principal islands of the lesser or western Balearic group, formerly known as the Pityusae or Pine Islands.


End of Article: IVIZA, IBIZA


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