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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: INV-JED |
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IRVING, SIR HENRY (1838-1905) , English actor, whose original
Wyndham , J. L. Toole, Lionel Brough, John Clayton, Mr and Mrs Alfred Wigan, Ellen Terry and Nelly Farren. This was followed by short engagements at the Hay-market, Drury Lane and Gaiety. At last he made his first conspicuous success as Digby Grant in James Albery's The Two Roses, which was produced at the Vaudeville on the 4th of June 187o and ran for 300 nights. In 1871 he began his' association with the Lyceum Theatre by an engagement under Bateman's management. The fortunes of the house
Leopold Lewis. The play ran for 150 nights; With Miss Bateman, Irving was seen in W. G. Wills's Charles I. and Eugene
In 1878 Irving opened the Lyceum under his own management. With Ellen Terry as Ophelia and Portia, he revived Hamlet and produced The Merchant of Venice (1879). His' Shylock was as much discussed as his Hamlet had been, the dignity with which he invested the Jew marking a departure from the traditional interpretation of the role, and pleasing some as much as it offended others. After the production of Tennyson's The Cup, a revival of Othello (in which Irving played Iago to the Othello of Edwin Booth) and of Romeo and Juliet, there began a period at the Lyceum which had a potent effect on the English stage. The Lyceum stage management, and the brilliancy of its productions in scenery, dressing and accessories; were revelations in the art of mise-en-scene. Much Ado about Nothing (1882) was followed by Twelfth Night (1884), Oliviaan adaptation of Goldsmith's Vicar of IVakeiield by W. G. Wills (1885); Faust (1886); Macbeth (1888): The Dead Heart, by Watts Phillips0889); and RavenswoodHerman Merivale's dramatic version of Scott's Bride of Lammermoor (1890). Fine assumptions in 1892 of the characters of Wolsey in Henry VIII. and of King Lear were followed in 1893 by a striking and dignified performance of Becket in Tennyson's play of that name. During these years too, Irving, with the whole Lyceum company, paid several visits to America, which met with conspicuous success, and were repeated in succeeding years. The chief
Both on and off the stage Irving always maintained a high ideal of his profession, and in 1895 he received the honour of knighthood
Cambridge and Glasgow. His acting, apart from his genius as a presenter of plays, divided criticism, opinions differing as to the extent to which his mannerisms of voice and deportment interfered with or assisted the expression of his ideas. So strongly marked a personality as his could not help giving its own colouring to whatever part he might assume, but the richness and originality of this colouring at its best cannot be denied, any more than the spirit and intellect which characterized his renderings. At the least, extraordinary versatility must be conceded to an actor who could satisfy exacting audiences in roles so widely different as Digby Grant and Louis XI., Richard III. and Becket, Benedick and Shylock, Mathias and Dr Primrose.Sir Henry Irving had two sons, Harty Brodribb (b. 187o) and Laurence (b. 1872). They were educated for other walks of life, the former for the bar, and the latter for the diplomatic service; but both turned to the stage, and the elder, who had already established himself as the most prominent of the younger English actors at the time of his father's death, went into management on his own account. End of Article: IRVING, SIR HENRY (1838-1905) If you wish, you can link directly to this article.
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