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Encyclopedia Britannica



ILFRACOMBE

This article appears in Volume V14, Page 299 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: I27-INV
ILFRACOMBE , a seaport and watering-place in the Barnstaple parliamentary division of Devonshire, England, on the Bristol Channel, 225 M. W. by S. of London by the London &
South
 -Western railway. Pop. of urban
district
  (1901) 8557. The picturesque old town, built on the cliffs above its harbour, consists of one street stretching for about a mile through a net-
work
  of lanes. Behind it rise the terraces of a more modern town, commanding a fine view across the Channel. With its beautiful scenery and temperate climate, Ilfracombe is frequented by visitors both in summer and winter. Grand rugged cliffs line the coast; while, inland, the country is celebrated for the rich colouring of its woods and glens. Wooded heights form a semicircle round the town, which is protected from sea winds by Capstone Hill. Along the inner face of this
rock
  has been cut the Victoria
Promenade
 , a long walk roofed with glass and used for concerts. The restored church of Holy Trinity
dates
  originally from the 12th century. Sea-bathing is insecure, and is confined to a few small coves, approached by tunnels hewn through the
rock
 . The harbour, a natural recess among the cliffs, is sheltered on the
east
  by Hilsborough Head, where there are some alleged Celtic remains; on the west by Lantern Hill, where the ancient chapel of St Nicholas has been transformed into a lighthouse. In summer passenger steamers run to and from Ilfracombe pier; but the shipping trade generally has declined, though herring fisheries are carried on with success. In the latter part of the 13th century Ilfracombe obtained a grant for holding a
fair
  and market, and in the reign of Edward III. it was a place of such importance as to
supply
  him with six ships and ninety-six men for his armament against Calais. During the Civil War, being garrisoned for the Roundheads, it, was in 1644 captured by the Royalists, but in 1646 it fell into the hands of Fairfax.-ILION 299


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