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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: HOR-I25 |
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HYDRATE , in chemistry , a compound containing the elements of water in combination; more specifically, a compound containing the monovalent hydroxyl or OH group. The first and more general definition includes substances containing water of crystallization; such salts are said to be hydrated, and when deprived of their water to be dehydrated or anhydrous. Compounds embraced by the second definition are more usually termed hydroxides, since at one time they were regarded as combinations of an oxide
calcium oxide
calcium hydroxide, written formerly as CaOH2O. The general formulae of hydroxides are: Mi OH, Mii(OH)2, Mili(OH)3, M1v(OH)4, &c., corresponding to the oxides M21O, M110, M2iiiO3, MivO2, &c., the Roman index denoting the valency
element
stable
stable
system
alkali
caesium
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