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Encyclopedia Britannica



HUITZILOPOCHTLI

This article appears in Volume V13, Page 869 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: HOR-I25
HUITZILOPOCHTLI , the supreme being in the religions of ancient
Mexico
 , and as a specialized deity, the god of war. He was the mythic
leader
  and
chief
  divinity of the Aztecs, dominant tribe of the Nahua nation. As a humming-bird Huitzilopochtli was alleged to have led the Aztecs to a new
home
 . E. B. Tylor
Primitive Culture, 4th ed., vol. ii. p. 307) calls him an " in-extricable compound parthenogenetic deity "; and finds, in the fact that his
chief
  festival (when his paste idol was shot through with an arrow, and afterwards eaten) was at the winter solstice, ground for believing that he was at first a nature-god, whose
life
  and death were connected with the year's. His idol was a huge
block
  of basalt (still thought to be preserved in
Mexico
 ), on one side of which he is sculptured in hideous form, adorned with the feathers of the humming-bird. The ceremonies of his
worship
  were of the most bloodthirsty
character
 , and hundreds of human beings were murdered annually before his shrine, their limbs being eaten by his worshippers. When his temple was dedicated in 1486 it is traditionally reported that 70,000
people
  were killed. See MExlco.


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