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Encyclopedia Britannica



HUGHES, SIR EDWARD (c. 1720-1794)

This article appears in Volume V13, Page 860 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: HOR-I25
HUGHES, SIR EDWARD (c. 1720-1794) , British
admiral
 , entered the Royal Navy in 1735, and four years later was present at
Porto
 
Bello
 . In 1740 he became
lieutenant
 , and in that rank served in the Cartagena expedition of 1741, and at the indecisive battle of Toulon (1744) In H.M.S. "
Warwick
 " he was present at the action with the " Glorioso," but in default of proper support from the "Lark" (which was sailing in company with the "
Warwick
 "), the combat ended with the enemy's escape. The
commander
  of the " Lark " was subsequently tried and condemned for his conduct, and Hughes received the vacant command. Captain Hughes was with Boscawen at Louisburg and with Saunders at Quebec. He was in continual employment during the peace, and as Commodore commanded in the
East
  Indies from 1773 to 1777. It was not
long
  before he returned to the
East
  as a rear-
admiral
 , with an overwhelming naval force. On his outward voyage he xetook Goree from the French, and he was called upon to conduct only
minor
  operations for the next two years, as the enemy could not muster any force fit to meet the powerful
squadron
  Hughes had brought from the Channel. In 1782 he stormed Trincomalee a few days before the
squadron
  of Suffren arrived in the neighbourhood. For the next year these Indian waters were the scene of one of the most famous of naval campaigns. Suffren (q.v.) was perhaps the ablest sea-
commander
  that France ever produced, but his subordinates were factious and unskilful; Hughes on the other hand, whose ability was that born of
long
  experience rather than genius, was well supported. No fewer than five fiercely contested general actions were fought by two fleets, neither of them gaining a decisive advantage. In the end Hughes held his ground. After the peace he returned to England, and, though further promotions came to him, he never again hoisted his flag. He had accumulated considerable wealth during his Indian service, which for the most part he spent in unostentatious charity. He died at his seat of Lux-borough in Essex in 1794.


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