HUELVA (the ancient Onuba, Onoba, or Onuba Aestuaria)

This article appears in Volume V13, Page 854 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: HOR-I25

HUELVA (the ancient Onuba, Onoba, or Onuba Aestuaria) , the

capital

CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

of the Spanish province of

Huelva

HUELVA
HUELVA (the ancient Onuba, Onoba, or Onuba Aestuaria)

, about 10 m. from the Atlantic Ocean, on the left bank of the river Odiel, and on the Seville-

Huelva

HUELVA
HUELVA (the ancient Onuba, Onoba, or Onuba Aestuaria)

, Merida-Huelva and Rio Tinto-Huelva railways, the last-named being a narrow-gauge line. Pop. (1900) 21,357. Huelva is built on the western shore of a triangular peninsula formed by the estuaries of the Odiel and Tinto, which meet below the town. It is wholly modern in character and appearance, and owes its prosperity to an ever-increasing transit trade in copper and other ores, for which it is the port of shipment. After 1872, when the famous Rio Tinto copper mines were for the first time properly exploited, it progressed rapidly in size and wealth. Dredging operations removed a

great

GREAT

part of the sandbanks lining the navigable main channel of the Odiel, and deepened the water over the bar at its mouth; new railways were opened, and port works were undertaken on a large scale, including the construction of extensive quays and two piers, and the installation of modern appliances for handling cargo. Many of these improvements were added after 1900. Besides exporting copper, manganese and other minerals, which in 1903 reached 2,750,000 tons, valued at more than 1,500,000, Huelva is the headquarters of profitable sardine, tunny and bonito fisheries, and of a trade in grain, grapes, olives and cork. The copper and cork industries are mainly in British hands, and the bulk of the imports, which consist chiefly of coal, iron and steel and machinery, comes from

Great

GREAT

Britain. Foodstuffs and Australian hardwood are also imported.
Huelva was originally a Carthaginian trading-station, and afterwards a Roman colony; but it retains few memorials of its past, except the Roman aqueduct, repaired in modern times, and the colossal statue of Columbus. This was erected in 1892 to commemorate the fourth centenary of his voyage to the new world in 1492-1493, which began and ended in the

village

VILLAGE

of San Palos de la Frontera on the Tinto. Columbus resided in the neighbouring monastery of Santa Maria la Rabida after his

original

ORIGINAL

plans for the voyage had been rejected by King John II. of Portugal in 1484. An exact reproduction of this monastery was erected in 1893 at the World's

Fair

FAIR

, Chicago, U.S.A., and was afterwards converted into a sanatorium. Higher up the Tinto, above San Palos, is the town of Moguer (pop. 8455), which exports large quantities of oil and wine.
HU$RCAL OVERA, a town of south-eastern Spain, in the province of Almeria, on the Lorca-Baza railway, and between two branches of the river Almanzora. Pop. (1900) 15,763. Huercal Overa is the

chief

CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

town of a thriving agricultural

district

DISTRICT

, largely dependent for its prosperity on the lead mining carried on among the surrounding highlands.

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