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Encyclopedia Britannica



HUANCAVELICA

This article appears in Volume V13, Page 845 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: HOR-I25
HUANCAVELICA , a city of central Peru and
capital
  of -a department, 16o m. S.E. of
Lima
 . The city stands in a deep ravine of the Andes at an
elevation
  of about 12,400 ft. above the sea, the ravine having an
average
  width of 1 m. Pop. (1906 estimate) 6000. The city is solidly and regularly built, the houses being of stone and the stream that flows through the town being spanned by several stone bridges. Near Huancavelica is the famous quicksilver mine of Santa
Barbara
 , with its subterranean
church
  of San Rosario, hewn from the native cinnabar-hearing
rock
 . Huancavelica was founded by Viceroy Francisco de Toledo in 1572 as a mining town, and mining continues to be the
principal
  occupation of its inhabitants. The
department is traversed by the Cordillera Occidental, and is bounded N., E. and S. by
Junin
  and Ayacucho. Pop. (1906 official estimate) 167,840; area, 9254 sq. m. The
principal
  industry is mining for silver and quicksilver. The best-known silver mines are the Castrovirreyna.


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