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Encyclopedia Britannica



HOSANNA

This article appears in Volume V13, Page 783 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: HOR-I25
HOSANNA , the cry of praise or adoration shouted in recognition of the Messiahship of Jesus on his entry into Jerusalem (Matt. xxi. 9, 15; Mark xi. 9 sq.; John xii. 13), and since used in the Christian
Church
 . It is also a Jewish liturgical
term
 , and was applied specifically to the " hosanna " branches carried in procession in the Feast of Booths or
Tabernacles
 , the seventh day of which was called the Hosanna-day (so also in Syrian usage; cf. " Palm " Sunday). This festival (for which see Lev. xxiii. 39 sqq.; 2 Mace. x. 7; Jos. Ant. xii. to. 4, xiii. 13. 15; and the Talmudic tractate Sukkah) already suggested a Dionysiac celebration to
Plutarch
  (Symp. iv. 6), and was associated with a ceremonial drawing of water which, it was believed, secured fertilizing rains in the following year; the penalty for
abstinence
  was drought (cf. Zech. xiv. 16 seq.). The evidence (see further Ency. Bib. cols. 3354. 488o seq.; I. Levy, Rev. des Et. juives, 1901, pp. 192 sqq.) points to
rites
  of nature-
worship
 , and it is possible that in these the
term
  Hosanna had some other application.
The old interpretation " save, now ! " which may be a popular etymology, is based on Ps. cxviii. 25 (Heb. hoshi ah-nna), but this does not explain the occurrence of the word in the Gospels, a complicated problem, on which see the articles of J. H. Thayer in Hastings's Diet. Bib., and more especially T. K.
Cheyne
 , Ency. Bib. s.v.


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