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Encyclopedia Britannica



HOLZTROMPETE (Wooden Trumpet)

This article appears in Volume V13, Page 624 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: HIG-HOR
HOLZTROMPETE (Wooden Trumpet) , an
instrument
  some-what resembling the
Alpenhorn
  (q.v.) in tone-quality, designed by Richard
Wagner
  for representing the natural pipe of the
peasant
  in
Tristan
  and Isolde. This
instrument
  is not unlike the cor anglais in rough outline, being a conical tube of approximately the same length, terminating in a small globular bell, but having neither holes nor keys; it is blown through a cup-shaped mouthpiece made of horn. The Holztrompete is inthe key of C; the scale is produced by overblowing, whereby the upper partials from the 2nd to the 6th are produced. A single piston placed at a third of the distance from the mouth-piece to the bell gives the notes D and F.
Wagner
  inserted a note in the
score
  concerning the
cor anglais for which the
part
  =rl
was originally scored, and advised 3 a i s 6 the use of oboe or
clarinet
  to
Harmonic
Series
 .
reinforce the latter, the effect intended being that of a powerful natural instrument, unless a wooden instrument with a natural scale be specially made for the
part
 , which would be preferable. The Holztrompete was used at
Munich
  for the first performance of
Tristan
  and Isolde, and was still in use there in 1897. At Bayreuth it was also used for the Tristan performances at the festivals of 1886 and 1889, but in 1891 W. Heckel's clarina, an instrument partaking of the nature of both oboe and
clarinet
 , was substituted for the Holztrompete and has been retained ever since, having been found more effective.' (K. S.)


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