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Encyclopedia Britannica



HOGSHEAD

This article appears in Volume V13, Page 570 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: HIG-HOR
HOGSHEAD , a cask for holding liquor or other commodities, such as tobacco,
sugar
 , molasses, &c.; also a liquid measure of capacity, varying with the contents. As a measure for beer, cider, &c., it equals 54 gallons. A
statute
  of
Richard
  III. (1483) fixed the hogshead of wine at 63 wine-gallons, i.e. 521 imperial gallons. The
etymology
  of the word has been much discussed. According to Skeat, the origin is to be found in the name for a cask or liquid measure appearing in various forms in several Teutonic languages, in Dutch oxhooft (
modern
  okshoofd), Dan. oxehoved, O. Swed. oxhufvod, &c. The word should therefore be " oxhead," and " hogshead " is a mere corruption. It has been suggested that the name arose from the branding of such a measure with the head of an ox (see Notes and Queries,
series
  iv. 2, 46,
note
  by H. Tiedeman). The New
English
  Dictionary does not attempt any explanation of the
term
 , and takes " hogshead " as the
original
  form, from which the forms in other languages have been corrupted. The earlier Dutch forms hukeshovet and hoekshoot are nearer to the
English
  form, and, further, the Dutch for " ox " is os.


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