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Encyclopedia Britannica



HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)

This article appears in Volume V13, Page 465 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: HIG-HOR
HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872) , English lawyer and penologist, was born on the 6th of August 1792, at
Birmingham
 , where his father, T. W. Hill, for long conducted a private school. He was a brother of Sir Rowland Hill. He early acted as assistant in his father's school, but in 1819 was called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn. He went the midland circuit. In 1832 he was elected one of the Liberal members for Kingstonupon-Hull, but he lost his seat at the next election in 1834. On the incorporation of
Birmingham
  in 1839 he was chosen recorder; and in 1851 he was appointed
commissioner
  in bankruptcy for the Bristol
district
 . Having had his
interest
  excited in questions relating to the treatment of criminal offenders, he ventilated in his charges to the grand juries, as well as in
special
  pamphlets, opinions which were the means of introducing many important reforms in the methods of dealing with crime. One of his principal coadjutors in these reforms was his brother Frederick Hill (18031896), whose Amount, Causes and Remedies of Crime, the result of his experience as inspector of prisons for
Scotland
 . marked an era in the methods of prison discipline. Hill was one of the
chief
  promoters of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, and the originator of the Penny Magazine. He died at Stapleton, near Bristol, on the 7th of June 1872.
His principal works are
Practical
  Suggestions to the Founders of Reformatory Schools (1855); Suggestions for the Repression of Crime (1857), consisting of charges addressed to the grand juries of Birmingham; Mettray (1855); Papers on the Penal Servitude Acts (1864) ; Journal of a Third Visit to the Convict Gaols, Refuges and Reformatories of Dublin (1865) ; Addresses delivered at the Birmingham and Midland Institute (1867). See Memoir of
Matthew
  Davenport Hill, by his daughters Rosamond and Florence Davenport Hill (1878).


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