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Encyclopedia Britannica



HILL, AMBROSE POWELL

This article appears in Volume V13, Page 464 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: HIG-HOR
HILL, AMBROSE POWELL 0251865), American Con-federate soldier, was born in Culpeper county, Virginia, on the 9th of November 1825, and graduated from West Point in 1847, being appointed to the 1st U.S. artillery. He served in the Mexican and Seminole Wars, was promoted first
lieutenant
  in September 1851, and in 18551860 was employed on the United States'
coast
  survey. In
March
  1861, just before the outbreak of the Civil War, he resigned his commission, and when his state seceded he was made colonel of a Virginian infantry
regiment
 , winning promotion to the rank of brigadier-general on the field of
Bull
  Run. In the Peninsular campaign of 1862 he gained further promotion, and as a major-general Hill was one of the most prominent and successful divisional commanders of Lee's army in the Seven Days', Second
Bull
  Run, Antietam and Fredericksburg campaigns. His division formed
part
  of " Stone-
wall
  " Jackson's corps, and he was severely wounded in the flank attack of Chancellorsville in May 1863. After Jackson's death Hill was made a
lieutenant
 -general and placed in command of the 3rd corps of Lee's army, which he led in the Gettysburg campaign of 1863, the autumn campaign of the same year, and the Wilderness and
Petersburg
  operations of 186465. He was killed in front of the
Petersburg
  lines on the 2nd of April 1865. His reputation as a troop leader in battle was one of the highest amongst the generals of both sides, and both Lee and Jackson, when on their death-beds their thoughts wandered in delirium to the battlefield, called for " A. P. Hill " to deliver the decisive blow.


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