HIERRO, or FERRO

This article appears in Volume V13, Page 454 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: HEG-HIG

HIERRO, or FERRO , an

island

ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

in the

Atlantic

ATLANTIC

Ocean, forming

part

PART

of the Spanish archipelago of the

Canary

CANARY
CANARY (Serinus canarius)

Islands (q.v.). Pop. (1900) 65o8; area 107 sq. m. Hierro, the most westerly and the smallest

island

ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

of the group, is somewhat

crescent

CRESCENT (Lat. crescens, growing)

-shaped. Its length is about 18 m., its greatest breadth about 15 m., and its circumference 50 M. It lies 92 M. W.S.W. of Teneriffe. Its

coast

COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

is bound by high, steep rocks, which only admit of one harbour, but the interior is tolerably level. Its hill-tops in winter are sometimes wrapped in snow. Better and more abundant grass grows here than on any of the other islands. Hierro is exposed to westerly gales which frequently inflict

great

GREAT

damage. Fresh water is scarce, but there is a sulphurous

spring

SPRING (from " to spring," " to leap or jump up," " burst out," O. Eng., springau, a common Teut. word, cf. Ger.
springer
- SPRINGER (Fr. rein)
- SPRINGER, ANTON HEINRICH (1825–1891)
, possibly allied to Gr. QnrFpxecOac, to move rapidly)

, with a temperature of 102 Fahr. The once celebrated and almost sacred Til tree, which was reputed to be always distilling water in

great

GREAT

abundance from its leaves, no longer exists. Only a small

part

PART

of the cultivable land is under tillage, the inhabitants being principally employed in pasturage. Valverde (pop. about 3000) is the

principal

PRINCIPAL

town. Geographers were formerly in the habit of measuring all longitudes from Ferro, the most westerly land known to them. The longitude assigned at first has, however, turned out to be erroneous; and the so-called " Longitude of Ferro " does not coincide with the actual longitude of the island.

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