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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: HEG-HIG |
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HERMON , the highest mountain in Syria (estimated at 9050 to 9200 ft.), an outlier of the Anti-Lebanon. As the Hebrew name (iSe'^, " belonging to a sanctuary," " separate ") shows, it was always a sacred mountain. The Sidonians called it Sirion, and the Amorites Shenir (Deut. iii.9). According to one theory it is the is Early English and later; the living was held by Nicholas " high mountain " near Caesarea Philippi
the Transfiguration (Mark ix. 2). A curious reference in Enoch vi. 6, says that in the days of Jared the wicked angels descended on the summit of the mountain and named it Hermon. The modern name is Jebel es-Sheikh, or " mountain of the chief
ridge
dome -shaped summit, is 20 M. long, extending north-east and south-west. The formation of the lower part is Nubian sandstone, that of the upper part is a hard dark-grey crystalline limestone belonging to the Neocomian period, and full of fossils. The spurs consist in some cases of white chalk covering the limestone, and on the south there are several basaltic outbreaks. The view from Hermon is very extensive, embracing all Lebanon and the plains east of Damascus, with Palestine as far as Carmel and Tabor. On a clear day Jaffa also may be seen. The mountain in spring is covered with snow, but in autumn there is occasionally none left, even in the ravines. To the height of 500 ft. it is clothed with oaks, poplars and brush, while luxuriant vineyards abound. Foxes, wolves and Syrian bears are not infrequently met with, and there is a heavy dew or night mist. Above the snow-limit the mountain is bare and covered with fine limestone shingle. The summit is a plateau from which three rocky knolls rise up, that on the west being the lowest, that on the south-east the highest. On the south slope of the latter are remains of a small temple or sacellum described by St Jerome. A semicircular dwarf wall
diameter , with a head supposed to represent the sun-god, is built into the wall
inscriptions occur among these ruins. In the 12th century Psalm lxxxix. 12 was supposed to indicate the proximity of Hermon to Tabor. The conical hill immediately south of Tabor was thus named Little Hermon, and is still so called by some of the inhabitants of the district.End of Article: HERMON If you wish, you can link directly to this article.
<a href="http://jcsm.org/StudyCenter/Encyclopedia/HEG_HIG/HERMON.html"> HERMON </a> |
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