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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: HEG-HIG |
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HERAULT DE SECHELLES, MARIE JEAN (1759-1794) , French politician, was born at Paris on the 20th of September 1759, of a noble family connected with those of Contades and Polignac. He made his debut as a lawyer at the Chatelet, and delivered some very successful speeches; later he was avocat general to the parlement of Paris. His legal occupations did not prevent him from devoting himself also to literature, and after 1789 he published an account of a visit he had made to the comte de Buffon at Montbard. Herault's account is marked by a delicate irony, and it has with some justice
Bastille , and on the 8th of December 1789 was appointed judge of the court of the first arrondissement in the department of Paris. From the end of January to April 1791 Herault was absent on a mission in Alsace
deputy for Paris to the Legislative Assembly, where he gravitated more and more towards the extreme left; he was a member of several committees, and, when a member of the diplomatic committee, presented a famous report demanding that the nation should be declared to be in danger (rlth June 1793). After the revolution of the loth of August 1792 (see FRENCH REVOLUTION), he co-operated with Danton, one of the organizers of this rising, and on the 2nd of September was appointed president of the Legislative Assembly. He was a deputy to the National Convention for the department of Seine-et-Oise, and was sent on a mission to organize the new department of Mont Blanc. He was thus absent during the trial of Louis XVI., but he made it known that he approved of the condemnation of the king, and would probably have voted for the death penalty. On his return to Paris, Herault was several times president of the Convention, notably on the 2nd of June 1i93, the occasion of the attack on the Girondins, and on the loth of August 1793, on which the passing of the new constitution was celebrated. On this occasion Herault, as president of the Convention, had to make several speeches. It was he, moreover, who, on the rejection of the projected constitution drawn
Condorcet , was entrusted with the task of preparing a fresh one; this work
Condorcet , became the Constitution of 1793, which was passed, but never applied. As a member of the Committee of Public Safety, it was with diplomacy that Herault was chiefly concerned, and from October to December 1793 he was employed on a diplomatic and military mission in Alsace
See the Voyage a Montbard, published by A. Aulard (Paris, 189o) ; A. Aulard, Les Orateues de la Legislative et de la Convention, 2nd ed. (Paris, 1906) ; J. Claretie
review La Revolution Francaise, tome 22 ; E. Daudet, Le Roman d'un conventionnel. Herault de Sechelles et les dames de Bellegarde (1904). His Ufuvres litteraires were edited (Paris, 1907)by E. Dard. (R. A.*) End of Article: HERAULT DE SECHELLES, MARIE JEAN (1759-1794) If you wish, you can link directly to this article.
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