HENLE, FRIEDRICH GUSTAV JAKOB (1809 1885)

This article appears in Volume V13, Page 269 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: HEG-HIG

HENLE, FRIEDRICH GUSTAV JAKOB (1809 1885) , German pathologist and anatomist, was born on the 9th of July ',Sop at Furth, in Franconia. After studying

medicine

MEDICINE

at Heidelberg and at Bonn, where he took his

doctor

DOCTOR (Lat. for " teacher ")

's degree in 1832, he became prosector in anatomy to Johannes Muller at Berlin. During the six years he spent in that position he published a large amount of

work

WORK

, including three anatomical monographs on new species of animals, and papers on the structure of the lacteal sy+stem, the distribution of epithelium in the human

body

BODY

, the structure and development of the

hair

HAIR (a word common to Teutonic languages)

, the formation of mucus and pus, &c. In 184o he accepted the chair of anatomy at Zurich, and in 1844 he was called to Heidelberg, where he taught not only anatomy, but physiology and

pathology

PATHOLOGY (from Gr. raBos, suffering)

. About this period he was engaged on his complete system of. general anatomy, which formed the

sixth

SIXTH

volume of the new edition of S. T. von Sommerring's treatise, published at

Leipzig

LEIPZIG

between 1841 and *844. While at Heidelberg he published a zoological monograph on the sharks and rays, in conjunction with his master Muller, and in 1846 his famous

Manual

MANUAL

of Rational

Pathology

PATHOLOGY (from Gr. raBos, suffering)

began to appear; this marked the beginning of a new era in pathological study, since in it physiology and pathology were treated, in Henle's own words, as " branches of one science," and the facts of disease were systematically considered with reference to their physiological relations. In 1852 he moved to Gottingen, whence he issued three years later the first instalment of his

great

GREAT

Handbook of Systematic Human Anatomy, the last volume of which was. not published till 1873. This

work

WORK

was perhaps the most complete and comprehensive of its kind that had so far appeared, and it was remarkable not only for the fullness and minuteness of the anatomical descriptions, but also for the number and excellence of the illustrations with which they were elucidated. During the latter half of his life Henle's researches were mainly histological in character, his investigations embracing thg minute anatomy of the blood vessels, serous membranes, kidney, eye, nails, central nervous system, &c. He died at Gottingen on the 13th of May 1885.

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