HAUTRRIVE, ALEXANDRE MAURICE BLANC DE LANAUTTE, COMTE

This article appears in Volume V13, Page 73 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

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HAUTRRIVE, ALEXANDRE MAURICE BLANC DE LANAUTTE, COMTE D' (1754-1830), French statesman and diplomatist, was born at Aspres (Hautes-Alpes) on the 14th of April 1754, and was educated at Grenoble, where he became a professor. Later he held a similar position at Tours, and there he attracted the attention of the due de Choiseul, who invited him to visit him at Chanteloup. Hauterive thus came in contact with the great men who visited the duke, and one of these, the comte de Choiseul-Goiffier, on his appointment as

ambassador

AMBASSADOR (also EMBASSADOR, the form sometimes still used in America; from the Fr. ambassadeur, with which compare Ital. ambasciatore and Span. embajador, all variants of the Med. Lat. ambassiator, ambassiator, ambasator, &c., derived from Med. Lat. amba

to Constantinople in 1784 took him with him. Hauterive was enriched for a time by his marriage with a widow, Madame de Marchais, but was ruined by the Revolution. In 1790 he applied for and received the post of

consul

at New

York

. Under the Consulate, however, he was accused of embezzlement and re-called; and, though the charge was proved to be false, was not reinstated. In 1798, after trying his hand at farming in America, Hauterive was appointed to a post in the French foreign office. In this capacity he made a sensation by his L'Etat de la France a la fin de Pan VIII (1800), which he had been commissioned by Bonaparte to draw up, as a manifesto to foreign nations, after the coup d'etat of the 18th Brumaire. This won him the confidence of Bonaparte, and he was henceforth employed in drawing up many of the more important documents. In 1805 he was made a councillor of state and member of the Legion of Honour, and between 1805 and 1813 he was more than once temporarily minister of foreign affairs. He attempted, though vainly, to use his influence to moderate

Napoleon

NAPOLEON

's policy, especially in the matter of Spain and the treatment of the pope. In 1805 a difference of

opinion

OPINION (Lat. opinio, from opinari, to think)

with Talleyrand on the question of the Austrian alliance, which Hauterive favoured, led to his withdrawal from the political side of the ministry of foreign affairs, and he was appointed keeper of the archives of the same department. In this capacity he did very useful work, and after the Restoration continued in this post at the request of the due de Richelieu, his work being recognized by his election as a member of the Academic des

Inscriptions

INSCRIPTIONS (from Lat. inscribere, to write upon)

et Belles-Lettres in 1820. He died at Paris on the 28th of July 1830.
There is a detailed account of Hauterive, with considerable extracts from his correspondence with Talleyrand, in the Biographic universelie by A. F. Artand de Montor, who published a separate life in 1831. Criticisms of his Etat de la France appeared in Germany and England by F. von Gentz (Von dem politischen Zustande, 18o1). and by T. B. Clarke (A Hist. and Pol. View ... , 1803).

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