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Encyclopedia Britannica



HAUPTMANN, GERHART (1862 )

This article appears in Volume V13, Page 68 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: HAN-HEG
HAUPTMANN, GERHART (1862 ) , German dramatist, was born on the 15th of November 1862 at Obersalzbrunn in Silesia, the son of an hotel-keeper. From the
village
  school of his native place he passed to the Realschule in Breslau, and was then sent to learn
agriculture
  on his uncle's farm at Jauer. Having, however, no
taste
  for country life, he soon returned to Breslau and entered the art school, intending to become a sculptor. He then studied at Jena, and spent the greater part of the years x883 and 1884 in Italy. In May 1885 Hauptmann married and settled in Berlin, and, devoting himself henceforth entirely to literary
work
 , soon attained a
great
  reputation as one of the
chief
  representatives of the modern drama. In 1891 he retired to Schreiberhau in Silesia. Hauptmann's first drama, Vor Sonnezzaufgang (1889) inaugurated the realistic
movement
  in modern German literature; it was followed by Des Friedens-.fest (1890), Einsame Mensclzen (1891) and Die Weber (1892), a powerful drama depicting the rising of the Silesian weavers in 1844. Of Hauptmann's subsequent
work
  mention may be made of the comedies Kollege Crampton (1892), Der Biberpelz (1893) and Der rote Hahn (1901), a " dream poem," Hannele (1893), and an historical drama Florian Geyer (1895). He also wrote two tragedies of Silesian peasant life, Fuhrmann
Henschel
  (1898) and Rose Berndt (1903), and the " dramatic fairy-tales " Die versunkene Glocke (1897) and Und Pippa tanzt (1905). Several of his works have been translated into English.
Biographies
  of Hauptmann and
critical
  studies of his dramas
have been published by A. Bartels (1897); P. Schlenther (1898);
and U. C. Woerner (2nd ed., 1900). See also L. Benoist-Hanappier,
Le Drame naturaliste en Allemagne (1905).


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