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Encyclopedia Britannica



HARBURG

This article appears in Volume V12, Page 938 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: HAN-HEG
HARBURG , a seaport town of Germany, in the Prussian province of Hanover, on the left bank of the southern arm of the Elbe, 6 m. by rail S. of Hamburg. Pop. (1885), 26,320; (1905)the area of the town having been increased since 189555,676. It is pleasantly situated at the foot of a lofty range of hills, which here dip down to the river, at the junction of the main lines of railway from Bremen and Hanover to Hamburg, which are carried to the latter city over two grand bridges crossing the southern and the northern arms of the Elbe. It possesses a Roman Catholic and two
Protestant
  churches, a palace, which from 1524 to 1642 was the residence of the Harburg line of the
house
  of Brunswick, a high-grade modern school, a commercial school and a theatre. The leading
industries
  are the crushing of palm-kernels and linseed and the manufacture of india-rubber, phosphates,
starch
 , nitrate and jute. Machines are manufactured here; beer is brewed, and shipbuilding is carried on. The port is accessible to vessels drawing 18 ft. of water, and, despite its proximity to Hamburg, its
trade
  has of
late
  years shown a remarkable development. It is the
chief
  mart in the empire for resin and palm-oil. The Prussian government proposes establishing here a free port, on the lines of the Freihafen in Hamburg.
Harburg belonged originally to the bishopric of Bremen, and received municipal rights in 1297. In 1376 it was united to the principality of Luneburg, along with which it fell in 1705 to Hanover, and in 18o6 to Prussia. In 1813 and 1814 it suffered considerably from the French, who then held Hamburg, and who built a
bridge
  between the two towns, which remained
standing
  till 1816.
See Ludewig, Geschichte des Schlosses and der Stadt Harburg (Harburg, 1845); and Hoffmeyer, Harburg and die nachste Umgegend (1885).


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