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Encyclopedia Britannica



HAMPTON, WADE (1818-1902)

This article appears in Volume V12, Page 905 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: GUI-HAN
HAMPTON, WADE (1818-1902) , American cavalry leader was born on the 28th of
March
  1818 at Columbia,
South
  Carolina, the son of Wade Hampton (1791-1858), one of the wealthiest planters in the
South
 , and the grandson of Wade Hampton (1754-1835), a captain in the War of Independence and a brigadier-general in the War of 1812. He graduated (1836) at South Carolina College, and was trained for the law. He devoted himself, however, to the management of his
great
  plantations in South Carolina and in Mississippi, and took
part
  in state politics and legislation. Though his own views were opposed to the prevailing state-rights tone of South Carolinian
opinion
 , he threw himself heartily into the Southern cause in 1861, raising a mixed command known as " Hampton's Legion," which he led at the first battle of
Bull
  Run. During the Civil War he served in the main with the Army of Northern Virginia in Stuart's cavalry corps. After Stuart's death Hampton distinguished himself greatly in opposing Sheridan in the Shenandoah Valley, and was made
lieutenant
 -general to command Lee's whole force of cavalry. In 1865 he assisted Joseph Johnston in the attempt to prevent Sherman's advance through the Carolinas. After the war his attitude was conciliatory and he recommended a frank acceptance by the South of the war's political consequences. He was
governor
  of his state in 1876-x879, being installed after a memorable contest; he served in the United States Senate in 1879-1891, and was United States
commissioner
  of Pacific railways in 1893-1897. He died on the 11th of April 1902.
See E. L. Wells, Hampton and Reconstruction (Columbia, S. C., 1907).


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