HALDANE, RICHARD BURDON (1856 )

This article appears in Volume V12, Page 831 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: GUI-HAN

HALDANE, RICHARD BURDON (1856 ) , British states-man and philosopher, was the third son of Robert Haldane of Cloanden, Perthshire, a writer to the signet, and nephew of J. S. Burdon-Sanderson. He was a grand-nephew of the Scottish divines J. A. and Robert Haldane. He was educated at Edinburgh

Academy

ACADEMY, GREEK
ACADEMY, ROYAL

and the universities of Edinburgh and Gottingen, where he studied philosophy under Lotze. He took first-class honours in philosophy at Edinburgh, and was Gray scholar and Ferguson scholar in philosophy of the four Scottish Universities (1876). He was called to the bar in 1879, and so early as 1890 became a queen's counsel. In 1885 he entered

parliament

PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

as liberal member for Haddingtonshire, for which he was re-elected continuously. up to and including igro. He was included in 1905 in Sir H. Campbell-Bannerman's cabinet as secretary for war, and was the author of the important

scheme

SCHEME (Lat. schema, Gr. oxfjya, figure, form, from the root axe, seen in exeiv, to have, hold, to be of such shape, form, &c.)

for the re-organization of the British army, by which the militia and the volunteer forces were replaced by a single territorial force.
Though always known as one of the ablest men of the Liberal party and conspicuous during the Boer War of 18991902 as a Liberal Imperialist, the choice of Mr Haldane for the task of thinking out a new army organization on business lines had struck many people as curious. Besides being a chancery lawyer, he was more particularly a philosopher, conspicuous for his knowledge of Hegelian metaphysics. But with German philosophy he had also the German sense of thoroughness and system, and his

scheme

SCHEME (Lat. schema, Gr. oxfjya, figure, form, from the root axe, seen in exeiv, to have, hold, to be of such shape, form, &c.)

, while it was much criticized, was recognized as the best that could be done with a voluntary army. Mr Haldane's

chief

CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

literary publications were: Life of

Adam

Smith

(1887); Education and Empire (1902); The Pathway to Reality (1903). He also translated, jointly with J. Kemp, Schopen-
hauer's Die Welt als Wille and Vorstellung (The World as Will and Idea, 3 vols., 1883-1886).

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