HACKNEY

This article appears in Volume V12, Page 794 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: GUI-HAN

HACKNEY , a north-eastern metropolitan borough of London, England, bounded W. by Stoke Newington and Islington, and S. by Shoreditch, Bethnal Green and Poplar, and extending N. and E. to the boundary of the county of London. Pop. (19o1), 219,272. It is a poor and populous

district

DISTRICT

, in which the main thoroughfares are Kingsland Road, continued N. as Stoke Newington Road and Stamford Hill; Mare Street, continued N.W. as Clapton Road to join Stamford Hill; and Lea Bridge Road running N.E. towards Walthamstow and Low Leyton. The borough includes the districts of Clapton in the north, Homerton in the

east

EAST
EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

, and Dalston and part of Kingsland in the west. On the

east

EAST
EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

lies the open flat valley of the Lea, which flows in several branches, and is bordered, immediately outside the confines of the borough, by the extensive reservoirs of the East London water-works. In these low lands lie the Hackney Marshes (338 acres; among several so-called marshes in the Lea valley), and the borough also contains part of Victoria Park and a number of open spaces collectively called the Hackney Commons, including Mill Fields, Hackney Downs, London Fields, &c. The total area of open spaces exceeds 500 acres. The tower of the ancient parish church of St

Augustine

AUGUSTINE, SAINT (354-430)
AUGUSTINE, SAINT (d. c.613)

, with the chapel of the Rowe family, ,still stands, and is the only historic building of importance. Among institutions are the German

hospital

, Dalston, Metropolitan

hospital

, Kingsland Road, and Eastern Fever hospital, Homerton; and the Hackney

polytechnic

POLYTECHNIC (Gr. aroWus, many, and rEXvn, an art)

institute, with which is incorporated the Sir John Cass institute. Cass (16661718), a merchant of the city of London, also a member of

parliament

PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

and sheriff, bequeathed r000 for the foundation of a free school; in 1732 the bequest was increased in accordance with an unfinished codicil to his will; and the income provided from it is now about L6000, some 250 boys and girls being educated; The parliamentary borough of Hackney comprises north, central and

south

SOUTH
SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

divisions, each returning one member; and the northern division includes the metropolitan borough of Stoke Newington. The metropolitan borough of Hackney includes part of the Hornsey parliamentary division of

Middlesex

MIDDLESEX
MIDDLESEX, LIONEL CRANFIELD, 1ST
EARL
- EARL
OF (1575-1645)

. The borough council consists of a mayor, ro alder-men and 6o councillors. Area, 3288.9 acres.
In the 13th century the name appears as Hackenaye or Hacquenye, but no certain derivation is advanced. Roman and other remains have been found in Hackney Marshes. In 1290 the bishop of London was lord of the manor, which was so held until 1550, when it was granted to

Thomas

, Lord Wentworth. In 1697 it came into the hands of the Tyssen family. Extensive property in the parish also belonged to the priory of the Knights Hospitallers of St John of Jerusalem at Clerkenwell.' From the 16th to the early 19th century there were many fine residences in Hackney. The neighbourhood of Hackney had at one time an evil reputation as the haunt of highwaymen.

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