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Encyclopedia Britannica

GURGAON

This article appears in Volume V12, Page 731 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: GUI-HAN

GURGAON , a town and

district

DISTRICT

of British India, in the Delhi division of the Punjab. The town (pop. in 19o1, 4765) is the headquarters of the

district

DISTRICT

, but is otherwise unimportant. The district has an area of 1984 sq.m. It is bounded on the N. by

Rohtak

ROHTAK

, on the W. and S.W. by portions of the Alwar, Nabha and

Jind

JIND

native states, on the S. by the Muttra district of the United Provinces, on the E. by the river Jumna and on the N.E. by Delhi. It comprises the southernmost corner of the Punjab province, stretching away from the level plain towards the hills of Rajputana. Two low rocky ranges enter its borders from the

south

SOUTH
SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

and run northward in a bare and unshaded mass toward the plain country.

East

EAST
EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

of the western

ridge

the valley is wide and open, extending to the banks of the Jumna. To the west lies the subdivision of Rewari, consisting of a sandy plain dotted with isolated hills. Numerous torrents carry off the drainage from the upland ranges, and the most important among them empty themselves at last into the Najafgarh jhil. This swampy lake lies to the

east

EAST
EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

of the civil station of Gurgaon, and stretches long arms into the neighbouring districts of Delhi and

Rohtak

ROHTAK

. Salt is manufactured in wells at several villages. The

mineral

MINERAL

products are iron ore, copper ore, plumbago and ochre.
In 1803 Gurgaon district passed into the hands of the British after Lord Lake's conquests. On the outbreak of the Mutiny in May 1857, the nawab of Farukhnagar, the principal feudatory of the district, rose in rebellion. The Meos and many Rajput families followed his example. A faithful native officer preserved the public buildings and records at Rewari from destruction; but with this exception, British authority became extinguished for a time throughout Gurgaon. After the fall of the rebel

capital

CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

, a force marched into the district and either captured or dispersed the leaders of rebellion. The territory of the nawab was confiscated on account of his participation in the Mutiny. Civil administration was resumed under orders from the Punjab government, to which province the district was formally annexed on the final pacification of the country. The population in 1901 was 746,208, showing an increase of 11% in the decade. The largest town and

chief

CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

trade centre is Rewari. The district is now traversed by several lines of railway, and irrigation is provided by the

Agra

AGRA

canal. The

chief

CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

trade is in cereals, but hardware is also exported.

End of Article: GURGAON

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