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Encyclopedia Britannica



GUMBEL, KARL WILHELM VON, BARON (1823-1898)

This article appears in Volume V12, Page 716 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: GUI-HAN
GUMBEL, KARL WILHELM VON, BARON (1823-1898) , German geologist, was born at Dannenfels, in the Palatinate of the Rhine, on the 11th of February 1823, and is known chiefly by his researches on the geology of Bavaria. He received a
practical
  and scientific education in mining at
Munich
  and
Heidelberg
 , taking the degree of Ph.D. at
Munich
  in 1862; and he was engaged for a time at the colliery of St Ingbert and as a surveyor in that
district
 . In 1851, when the
Geological
  Survey of Bavaria was instituted,
Gumbel
  was appointed
chief
  geologist; in 1863 he was made honorary professor of geognosy and surveying at the university of Munich, and in 1879, Oberberg director of the Bavarian mining department with which the
Geological
  Survey was incorporated. His geological map of Bavaria appeared in 1858, and the official memoir descriptive of the detailed
work
 , entitled Geognostische Beschreibung des Konigreichs Bayern was issued in three parts (1861, 1868 and 1879). He subsequently published his Geologie von Bayern in 2 vols. (1884-1894), an elaborate treatise on geology, with
special
  reference to the geology of Bavaria. In the course of his
long
  and active career he engaged in much palaeontological
work
 : he studied the fauna of the Trias, and in 1861 introduced theterm Rhaetic for the uppermost division of that system; he supported at first the view of the organic nature of Eozoon (1866 and 1876), he devoted
special
  attention to Foraminifera, and described those of the Eocene strata of the northern Alps (1868); he dealt also with Receptaculites (1875) which he regarded as a genus belonging to the Foraminif era. He died on the 18th of June 1898.


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