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Encyclopedia Britannica



GUARNIERI, or GTJARNERIUS

This article appears in Volume V12, Page 660 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: GRA-GUI
GUARNIERI, or GTJARNERIUS , a celebrated family of
violin
 -makers of Cremona. The first was Andreas (c. 16261698), who worked with Antonio Stradivari in the workshop of Nicolo Amati (son of Geronimo). Violins of a model
original
  to him are dated from the sign of " St
Theresa
  " in Cremona. His son Joseph (1666c. 1739) made
instruments
  at first like his father's, but later in a style of his own with a narrow waist; his son, Peter of Venice (b. 1695), was also a fine maker: Another son of Andreas, Peter (Pietro Giovanni), commonly known as " Peter of Cremona " (b. 1655), moved from Cremona and settled at Mantua, where he too worked " sub signo Sanctae Teresae." Peter's violins again showed considerable variations from those of the other Guarnieri.
Hart
 , in his
work
  on the
violin
 , says, " There is increased breadth between the sound-holes; the sound-hole is rounder and more perpendicular; the middle bouts are more contracted, and the model is more raised."
The greatest of all the Guarnieri, however, was a nephew of Andreas, Joseph del Gesu (16871745), whose title originates in the I.H.S. inscribed on his tickets. His master was Gaspar di Salo. His conception follows that of the early Brescian makers in the boldness of outline and the massive construction which aim at the production of tone rather than visual perfection of form. The
great
  variety of his
work
  in size, model, &c., represents his various experiments in the direction of discovering this tone. A stain or sap-mark, parallel with the
finger
 -board on both sides, appears on the bellies of most of his
instruments
 . Since the middle of the 18th century a
great
 , many spurious instruments ascribed to this master have poured over Europe. It was not until
Paganini
  played on a " Joseph " that the
taste
  of amateurs turned from the sweetness of the Amati and the Stradivarius violins in favour of the robuster tone of the Joseph Guarnerius. See VIOLIN.


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