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Encyclopedia Britannica



GRODNO

This article appears in Volume V12, Page 611 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: GRA-GUI
GRODNO , a town of
Russia
 ,
capital
  of the government of the same name in 53 40' N. and 23 50' E., on the right bank of the Niemen, ,6o m. by rail N.E. of
Warsaw
  and 98 m. S.W. of
Vilna
  on the main line to St
Petersburg
 . Pop. (1901.) 41,736, nearly two-thirds
Jews
 . It is an episcopal see of the Orthodox Greek
church
  and the headquarters of the II. Army Corps. It has two old castles, now converted to other uses, and two churches (16th and 17th centuries). Tobacco. factories and distilleries are important; machinery, soap, candles, vehicles and firearms are also made. Built in the 12th
century
 , Grodno was almost entirely destroyed by the Mongols (1241) and Teutonic knights (1284 and 1391). Stephen Bathory, king of Poland, made it his
capital
 , and died there in 1586. The Polish Estates frequentlymet at Grodno after 1673, and there in 1793 they signed the second
partition
  of Poland. It was at Grodno that
Stanislaus
  Poniatowski resigned the Polish crown in 1795.


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