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Encyclopedia Britannica



GREENOCKITE

This article appears in Volume V12, Page 549 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: GRA-GUI
GREENOCKITE , a rare
mineral
  composed of
cadmium
  sulphide, CdS, occurring as small, brilliant, honey-yellow crystals or as a
canary
 -yellow powder. Crystals are hexagonal with
hemimorphic
  development, being differently terminated at the two ends. The faces of the hexagonal prism and of the numerous hexagonal pyramids are deeply striated horizontally. The crystals are translucent to transparent, and have an adamantine to resinous lustre; hardness 3-31; specific gravity 4.9. Crystals have been found only in
Scotland
 , at one or two places in the neighbourhood of Glasgow, where they occur singly on prehnite in the amygdaloidal cavities of basaltic igneous rocksa rather unusual mode of occurrence for a metallic sulphide. The first, and largest crystal (about 1 in. across) was found, about the year 181o, in the dolerite quarry at Bowling in Dumbartonshire, but this was thought to be
blende
 . A larger number of crystals, but of smaller size, were found in 184o during the cutting of the Bishopton tunnel on the Glasgow & Greenock railway; they were detected by Lord Greenock, afterwards the and
earl
  of Cathcart, after whom the
mineral
  was named. A third locality is the Boyleston quarry near Barrhead. At all other localitiesPrzibram in Bohemia, Laurion in
Greece
 , Joplin in Missouri, &c. the mineral is represented only as a powder dusted over the surface of zinc minerals, especially
blende
  and calamine, which contain a small amount of
cadmium
  replacing zinc.
Isomorphous with greenockite is the hexagonal zinc sulphide (ZnS) known as wurtzite. Both minerals have been prepared artificially, and are not uncommon as furnace products. Previous to the
recent
  discovery in Sardinia of cadmium
oxide
  as small octahedral crystals, greenockite was the only known mineral containing cadmium as an essential constituent. (L. J. S.).


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