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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: GRA-GUI |
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GRAY, JOHN EDWARD (18001875) , English naturalist, born at Walsall
zoology in Sir Joseph Banks's library at the British Museum, aided by Dr W. E. Leach, assistant keeper, and the systematic synopsis of the Natural Arrangement of British Plants, 2 vols., 1821, was prepared by him, his father writing the preface and introduction-only. In consequence of his application for member-ship of the Linnaean Society being rejected in 1822, he turned to the study of zoology , writing on zoophytes, shells, Mollusca and Papilionidae, still aided by Dr Leach at the British Museum. In December 1824 he obtained the post of assistant in that institution; and from that date to December 1839, when J. G. Children retired from the keepership, he had so zealously applied himself to the study, classification and improvement of the national collection of zoology that he was selected as the fittest person to be entrusted with its charge. Immediately on his appointment as keeper, he took in hand the revision of the systematic arrangement of the collections; scientific catalogues followed in rapid succession; the department was raised in importance; its poverty as well as its wealth became known, and whilst increased grants, donations and exchanges made good many deficiencies, great
work
Gray was an exceedingly voluminous writer, and his interests.were not confined to natural history only, for he took an active part in questions of public importance of his day, such as slave emancipation, prison discipline, abolition of imprisonment for debt, sanitary and municipal organizations, the decimal system, public education, extension of the opening of museums, &c. He began to publish in 182o, and continued till the year of his death. The titles of the books, memoirs and miscellaneous papers written by him, accompanied by a few notes, fill a privately printed list
octavo
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