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Encyclopedia Britannica



GRANT, JAMES AUGUSTUS (18271892)

This article appears in Volume V12, Page 354 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: GOA-GRA
GRANT, JAMES AUGUSTUS (18271892) , Scottish explorer of eastern equatorial Africa, was born at
Nairn
 , where his father was the parish minister, on the 11th of April 1827. He was educated at the grammar school and Marischal College, Aberdeen, and in 1846 joined the Indian army. He saw active service in the
Sikh
  War (184849), served throughout the mutiny of 1857, and was wounded in the operations for the relief of Lucknow. He returned to England in 1858, and in 186o joined J. H. Speke (q.v.) in the memorable expedition which solved the problem of the Nile sources. The expedition left
Zanzibar
  in October 186o and reached Gondokoro, where the travellers were again in
touch
  with civilization, in
February
  1863. Speke was the leader, but Grant carried out several investigations independently and made valuable botanical collections. He acted throughout in absolute loyalty to his comrade. In 1864 he published, as supplementary to Speke's account of their journey, A Walk across Africa, in which he dealt particularly with " the
ordinary
  life and pursuits, the habits and feelings of the natives " and the economic value of the countries traversed. In 1864 he was awarded the patron's
medal
  of the Royal Geographical Society, and in 1866 given the Companionship of the Bath in recognition of his services in the expedition. He served in the intelligence department of the Abyssinian expedition of 1868; for this he was made C.S.I. and received the Abyssinian
medal
 . At the close of the war he re-tired from the army with the rank of
lieutenant
 -colonel. He had married in 1865, and he now settled down at
Nairn
 , where he died on the 11th of
February
  1892. He made contributions to the
journals
  of various learned
societies
 , the most notable being the " Botany of the Speke and Grant Expedition " in vol. xxix. of the Transactions of the Linnaean Society.


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