GRAFT (a modified form of the earlier " grail," through the French from the Late Lat. graphium, a stylus or pencil)
This article appears in Volume V12, Page 316 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.
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GRAFT (a modified form of the earlier " grail," through the French from the Late Lat. graphium, a stylus or pencil) , a small branch, shoot or " scion," transferred from one plant or tree to another, the " stock," and inserted in it so that the two unite (see HORTICULTURE). The name was adopted from the resemblance in shape of the " graft " to a pencil. The transfer of living tissue from one portion of an organism to another part of the same or different organism where it adheres and grows is also known as " grafting," and is frequently practised in modern surgery. The word is applied, in carpentry , to an attachment of the ends of timbers, and, as a nautical term , to the " whipping " or " pointing " of a rope's end with fine twine to prevent unravelling. " Graft " is used as a slang term , in England, for a " piece of hard work ." In American usage Webster See Also: - WEBSTER
- WEBSTER, ALEXANDER (1707-1784)
- WEBSTER, BENJAMIN NOTTINGHAM (1797-1882)
- WEBSTER, DANIEL (1782-1852)
- WEBSTER, JOHN (fl. 1602-1624)
- WEBSTER, NOAH (1758-1843)
- WEBSTER,
THOMAS See Also: - THOMAS
- THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
- THOMAS (d. 110o)
- THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
- THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
- THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
- THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
- THOMAS,
ISAIAH (1749-1831) - THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
- THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
- THOMAS, ST
- THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
- THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)
(1773-1844) - WEBSTER,
THOMAS See Also: - THOMAS
- THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
- THOMAS (d. 110o)
- THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
- THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
- THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
- THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
- THOMAS,
ISAIAH (1749-1831) - THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
- THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
- THOMAS, ST
- THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
- THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)
(1800-1886) 's Dictionary (ed. 1904) defines the word as " the act of any one, especially an official or public employe, by which he procures money surreptitiously by virtue of his office or position; also the surreptitious gain thus procured." It is thus a word embracing blackmail and illicit commission. The origin of the English use of the word is probably an obsolete word " graft," a portion of earth thrown up by a spade, from the Teutonic root meaning " to dig," seen in German graben, and English " grave."
End of Article: GRAFT (a modified form of the earlier " grail," through the French from the Late Lat. graphium, a stylus or pencil)
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