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Encyclopedia Britannica



GONDAR

This article appears in Volume V12, Page 231 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: GOA-GRA
GONDAR , properly GvENDAR, a town of Abyssinia, formerly the
capital
  of the Amharic kingdom, situated on a basaltic
ridge
  some 7500 ft. above the sea, about 21 M. N.E. of Lake Tsana, a splendid view of which is obtained from the castle. Two streams, the Angreb on the
east
  side and the Gaha or Kaha on the west, flow from the
ridge
 , and
meeting
  below the town, pass onwards to the lake. In the early years of the 20th century the town was much decayed, numerous ruins of castles, palaces and churches indicating its former importance. It was never a compact city, being divided into districts separated from each other by open spaces. The
chief
  quarters were those of the Abun-Bed or
bishop
 , the Etchege-Bed or
chief
  of the monks, the Debra Berhan or
Church
  of the Light, and the Gemp or castle. There was also a
quarter
  for the Mahommedans. Gondar was a small
village
  when at the beginning of the 16th century it was chosen by the Negus Sysenius (Seged I.) as the
capital
  of his kingdom. His son Fasilidas, or A'lem-Seged (1633-1667), was the builder of the castle which bears his name. Later emperors built other castles and palaces, the latest in date being


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