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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: GOA-GRA |
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GOLD . 42,317,876, cleared; (1895), 54,304,703 entered, 47,263,791 cleared; (1900), 55,828,569 entered, 54,425,666 cleared; (1905), 60,066,919 entered, 58,670,971 cleared; (1909), 60,566,043 entered, 60,060,979 cleared. The number and gross
Sailing Vessels. Steam Vessels. Year. Number. Gross
1890 14,181 3,055,136 7,410 8,095,370 1895 12,617 3,040,194 8,386 9,952,211 1900 10,773 2,247,228 9,209 I 1,816.,:,24 1905 1 0,059 1,796,826 10,552 14,883,594 1909 9,392 1,407,469 11,797 16,994 732 These figures show not only that steamers have been rapidly taking the place of sailing vessels, but also that large steamers are preferred to small, their average
Railways.-The first ordinary roads deserving the name of highways were made about 166o, and canal-building began in1 Newcastle, North Shields, South
z Blyth was included with North Shields till 1897. 3 Swansea included Port Talbot till 1904. the middle of the following century; but though roads and canals aided materially in raising the commercial and industrial activity of the nation, their fostering agency was very slight compared with that of railways, of which England is the birth
was accidentally killed. It took three years to get the bill for the London- Birmingham
great
Birmingham
great
parliament was obtained in 1835, and which was opened in1841. In 1836 a bill passed the legislature erecting the " Great North of England" Railway Company, from which was developed the North-Eastern system. A few years later other acts were passed, sanctioning the"Midland Counties" and the " North Midland " lines, from which the present Midland system grew. The total length of railways conveying passengers in the United Kingdom at the end of the year 1825 was 40 m., constructed at a cost of 120,000. Five years later, at the end of 183o, there were not more than 95 m., built at a cost of 840,925, but at the end of 1835 there were 293 m., costing5,648, 531. Thus, in the first five years of rail- way construction, from 1825 to 1830, the mileage doubled; while in the second five years, from 183o to 1835, it trebled. It quintupled in the next five-yearly period, till the end of 1840, when the total length of miles of railway in the kingdcm had come to be 1435, built at a cost of {41,391,634, as represented by the paid-up capital of thevarious companies. The next five years saw nearly another doubling of length of lines, for at the end of 1845 there were 2441 M. of railway created by a paid-up capital of 88,481,376.189o. 1895. 1900. 1905. 1 909. From British possessions 5,368,424 17,618,466 11,350,591 38,567,895 40,464,212 South
India . . . . 443,079 1,929,590 3,637,978 6,850,360 2,170,957 Australia . . 1,398,627 5,324,498 6,182,718 3,440,037 2,613,002 Foreign countries 18,199,625 18,390,863 14,840,282 4,949,335 14,227,617 Total . . 23,568,049 36,009,329 26,190,873 43,517,230 54,691,829 End of Article: GOLD If you wish, you can link directly to this article.
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