GIB, ADAM (1714-1788)

This article appears in Volume V11, Page 927 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

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GIB, ADAM (1714-1788) , Scottish divine and leader of the Antiburgher section of the Scottish Secession Church, was born on the 14th of April 1714 in the parish of Muckhart, Perthshire, and, on the completion of his literary and theological studies at Edinburgh and

Perth

PERTH
PERTH, EARLS AND DUKES OF

, was licensed as a preacher in 1740.
His eldest brother being a prodigal he succeeded to the paternal estate, but threw the will into the fire on his brother's promising to reform. In 1741 he was ordained minister of the large Secession congregation of Bristo Street, Edinburgh. In 1745 he was almost the only minister of Edinburgh who continued to preach against rebellion while the troops of Charles

Edward

EDWARD

were in occupation of the town. When in 1747 " the Associate Synod," by a narrow

majority

MAJORITY (Fr. majorite; Med. Lat. majoritas; Lat. major, greater)

, decided not to give full immediate effect to a judgment which had been passed in the previous year against the lawfulness of the " Burgess Oath," Gib led the protesting minority, who separated from their brethren and formed the Antiburgher Synod (April loth) in his own

house

HOUSE
HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in
Gothic
- GOTHIC
it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

in Edinburgh. It was chiefly under his influence that it was agreed by this ecclesiastical

body

BODY

at subsequent meetings to summon to the bar their " Burgher " brethren, and finally to depose and excommunicate them for contumacy. Gib's action in forming the Antiburgher Synod led, after prolonged litigation, to his exclusion from the building in Bristo Street where his congregation had met. In 1765 he made a vigorous and able reply to the General Assembly of the Church of

Scotland

, which had stigmatized the Secession as " threatening the peace of the country." From 1753 till within a short period of his death, which took place on the 18th of June 1788, he preached regularly in Nicolson Street church, which was constantly filled with an

audience

AUDIENCE (from Lat. audire, to hear)

of two thousand persons. His dogmatic and fearless attitude in controversy earned for him the nickname "

Pope

Gib."
Principal publications: Tables for the Four Evangelists (177o, and with author's name, 1800) ; The Present Truth, a Display of the Secession Testimony (2 vols., 1774); Vindiciae dominicae (Edin., 178o). See Chambers's Eminent Scotsmen; also article UNITED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH.

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