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Encyclopedia Britannica



GESSNER,

This article appears in Volume V11, Page 910 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: GEO-GNU
GESSNER, .SOLOMON (173o-1788), Swiss painter and poet, was born at Zurich on the 1st of
April
  1730. With the exception of some time (1749-175o) spent in Berlin and Hamburg, where he came under the influence of Ramler and
Hagedorn
 , he passed the whole of his
life
  in his native town, where he carried on the business of a bookseller. He died on the 2nd of
March
  1788, The first of his writings that attracted attention was his Lied eines Schweizers an sein bewaffnetes Madchen (1751). Then followed
Daphnis
  (1754), Idyllen (1756 and 1772), Inkel and Yariko (1756), a version of a story borrowed from the Spectator (No. If, 13th of
March
  1711) and already worked out by Gellert and
Bodmer
 , and Der Tod Abels (1758), a sort of idyllic
pastoral
 . It is somewhat difficult for us now to understand the reason of Gessner's universal popularity, unless it was the
taste
  of theperiod for the conventional
pastoral
 . His writings are marked by sweetness and melody, qualities which were warmly appreciated by Lessing, Herder and Goethe. As a painter Gessner represented the conventional classical landscape.
Collected editions of Gessner's works were repeatedly published (2 vols. 1777-1778, finally 2 vols. 1841, both at Zurich). They were translated into French (3 vols., Paris, 1786-1793), and versions of the Idyllen appeared in
English
 , Dutch, Portuguese, Spanish, Swedish and Bohemian. Gessner's
life
  was written by Hottinger (Zurich, 1796), and by H. Wolfflin (Frauenfeld, 1889) ; see also his Briefwechsel mat seinem Sohn (Bern and Zurich, i8oi).


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