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Encyclopedia Britannica



GESNER, JOHANN MATTHIAS (16911761)

This article appears in Volume V11, Page 909 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: GEO-GNU
GESNER, JOHANN MATTHIAS (16911761) , German classical scholar and schoolmaster, was born at Roth near Ansbach on the 9th of April 1691. He studied at the university of Jena, and in 1714 published a
work
  on the Philopatris ascribed to Lucian. In 1715 he became librarian and conrector (vice-principal) at
Weimar
 , in 1729
rector
  of the gymnasium at Ansbach, and in 1730
rector
  of the
Thomas
  school at
Leipzig
 . On the foundation of the university of Gottingen he became professor of rhetoric (1734) and subsequently librarian. He died at Gottingen on the 3rd of August 1761. His
special
  merit lies in the attention he devoted to the explanation and
illustration
  of the subject matter of the classical authors.
His principal works are; editions of the Scriptores rei rusticae, of Quintilian, Claudian, Pliny the Younger,
Horace
  and the Orphic poems (published after his death) ; Primate. lineae isagoges in eruditionem universalem (1756) ; an edition of B. Faber's Thesaurus eruditionis scholasticae (1726), afterwards continued under the title Novus linguae et eruditionis Romanae thesaurus (1749) ; Opuscula minora varii arumenti (17431745) ; Thesaurus epistolicus Gesnerianus (ed. Klotz, 1768-1770); Index etymologicus latinitatis (1749). See J. A. Ernesti, Opuscula oratoria (1762), p. 305; H. Sauppe, Gottinger Professoren ((1872) ; C. H. Pohnert, /`. M, Gesner and sein Vcrhaltnis zum Philanthropinismus and Neuhumanismus (1898), a contribution to the history of pedagogy in the 18th century; articles by F. A. Eckstein in Allgemeine deutsche Biographic ix.; and Sandys, Hist. of Class. Schol. iii. (1908), 5-9.


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