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Encyclopedia Britannica



GERSTACKER, FRIEDRICH (1816-1872)

This article appears in Volume V11, Page 907 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: GEO-GNU
GERSTACKER, FRIEDRICH (1816-1872) , German novelist and writer of travels, was born at Hamburg on the loth of May 1816, the son of
Friedrich
  Gerstacker (1790-1825), a celebrated opera
singer
 . After being apprenticed to a commercial louse he learnt farming in Saxony. In 1837, however, having imbibed from Robinson Crusoe a
taste
  for adventure, he went to America and wandered over a large part of the United States, supporting himself by whatever
work
  came to hand. In 1843 he returned to Germany, to find himself, to his
great
  surprise, famous as an author. His mother had shown his diary, which he regularly
sent
home
 , and which contained descriptions of his adventures in the New World, to the editor of the Rosen, who published them in that periodical. These sketches having found favour with the public, Gerstacker issued them in 1844 under the title Streif-und Jagdzilge durch die Vereinigten Staaten Nordamerikas. In 1845 his first novel, Die Reguiatoren in Arkansas, appeared, and hence-forth the stream of his productiveness flowed on uninterruptedly. From 1849 to 1852 Gerstacker travelled round the world, visiting North and
South
  America,
Polynesia
  and Australia, and on his return settled in
Leipzig
 . In 186o he again went to
South
  America, chiefly with a view to inspecting the German colonies there and
reporting
  on the possibility of diverting the stream of German emigration in this direction. The result of his observations and experiences he recorded in Achtzehn Monate in Sudamerika (1862). In 1862 he accompanied Duke Ernest of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha to Egypt and Abyssinia, and on his return settled at Coburg, where he wrote a number of novels descriptive of the scenes he had visited. In 1867-1868 Gerstacker again undertook a long journey, visiting North America, Venezuela and the West Indies, and on his return lived first at Dresden and then at Brunswick, where he died on the 31st of May 1872. His genial and straightforward character made him personally beloved; and his works, dealing as they did with the
great
  world hitherto hidden from the narrow " parochialism " of German life, obtained an immense popularity. This was not due to any graces of style, in which they are singularly lacking; but the unstudied freshness of the author's descriptions, and his sturdy humour, appealed to the wholesome instincts of the public. Many of his books were translated into foreign languages, notably into English, and became widely known on both sides of the Atlantic. His best works, from a literary point of view; are, besides the above-mentioned Regulatoren, his Flusspiraten des Mississippi (1848); the novel Tahiti (1854); his Australian romance Die beiden Straflinge (1857); Aus dem Matrosenleben (1857); and Blau Wasser (1858). His Travels exist in an English translation.
Gerstacker's Gesammelte Schriften were published at Jena in 44 vols. (18721879) ; a selection, edited by D. Theden in 24 vols. (1889189o). See A. Karl,
Friedrich
  Gerstacker, der Weitgereiste. Ein Lebensbild (1873).


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