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Encyclopedia Britannica



GELA

This article appears in Volume V11, Page 554 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: GAG-GEO
GELA , a city of Sicily, generally and almost certainly identified with the modern Terranova (q.v.). It was founded by Cretan and Rhodian colonists in 688 B.C., and itself founded Acragas (see AGRIGENTUM) in 582 B.C. It also had a treasure-
house
  at Olympia. The town took its name from the river to the
east
  (
Thucydides
  vi. 2), which in turn was so called from its winter frost (yiXa in the Sicel dialect; cf. Lat. gelidus). The Rhodian settlers called it Lindioi (see LINDUS). Gela enjoyed its greatest prosperity under Hippocrates (498-491 B.C.), whose dominion extended over a considerable part of the
island
 . Gelon, who seized the tyranny on his death, became master of Syracuse in 485 B.C., and transferred his
capital
  thither with half the in-habitants of Gela, leaving his brother
Hiero
  to
rule
  over the rest. Its prosperity returned, however, after the expulsion of Thrasybulus in 466 B.c.,1 but in 405 it was besieged by the Carthaginians and abandoned by
Dionysius
 ' order, after his failure (perhaps clue to treachery) to drive the besiegers away (E. A. Freeman, Hist. of Sic. iii. 562 seq.). The inhabitants later returned and rebuilt the town, but it never regained its position . In 311 B.C. Agathocles put to death 5000 of its inhabitants; and finally, after its destruction by the Mamertines about 281 B.C., Phintias of Agrigentum transferred the
remainder
  to the new town of Phintias (now Licata, q.v.). It seems that in Roman times they still kept the name of Gelenses or Geloi in their new abode (Th. Mommsen in C.I.L. x., Berlin, 1883, p. 737). (T. As.)


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