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Encyclopedia Britannica



GEISSLER, HEINRICH (1814-1879)

This article appears in Volume V11, Page 554 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: GAG-GEO
GEISSLER, HEINRICH (1814-1879) , German physicist, was born at the
village
  of Igelshieb in Saxe-
Meiningen
  on the 26th of May 1814 and was educated as a glass-blower. In 1854 he settled at
Bonn
 , where he speedily gained a high reputation for his skill and ingenuity of conception in the fabrication of chemical and physical apparatus. With
Julius
 
Plucker
 , in 1852, he ascertained the maximum density of water to be at 3.8 C. He also determined the coefficient of expansion for ice between -24 and -7, and for water freezing at o. In 1869, in con-junction with H. P. J. Vogelsang, he proved the existence of liquid carbon dioxide in cavities in quartz and
topaz
 , and later he obtained amorphous' from
ordinary
  phosphorus by means of the electric current. He is best known as the inventor of the sealed glass tubes which
bear
  his name, by means of which are exhibited the phenomena accompanying the discharge of electricity through highly rarefied vapours and gases. Among other apparatus contrived by him were a vaporimeter, mercury air-pump, balances, normal thermometer, and areometer. From the university of
Bonn
 , on the occasion of its
jubilee
  in 1868, he received the honorary degree of
doctor
  of philosophy. He died at Bonn on the 24th of January 1879.
See A. W. Hofmann, Der. d. deut. chem. Ges. p. 148 (1879).


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