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Encyclopedia Britannica



GEELONG

This article appears in Volume V11, Page 549 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: GAG-GEO
GEELONG , a seaport of Grant county, Victoria, Australia, situated on an extensive
land
 -locked arm of Port
Phillip
  known as Corio Bay, 45 M. by
rail
  S.W. of Melbourne. Pop. of the city proper (1901) 12,399; with the adjacent boroughs of Geelong West, and Newton-and-Chilwell, 23,311. Geelong slopes to the bay on the north and to the Barwon river on the
south
 , and its position in this respect, as well as the shelter it obtains from the Bellarine hills, renders it one of the healthiest towns in Victoria. As a manufacturing centre it is of considerable importance. The first woollen mill in the colony was established here, and the tweeds, cloths and other woollen fabrics of the town are noted throughout Australia. There are extensive tanneries, flour-mills and
salt
  works, while at Fyansford, 3 M. distant, there are important cement works and
paper
 -mills. The extensive vine-yards in the neighbourhood of the town were destroyed under the
Phylloxera
  Act, but replanting subsequently revived this industry. Corio Bay, a safe and commodious harbour, is entered by two channels across its bar, one of which has a depth of 23i ft. There is extensive quayage, and the largest wool ships are able to load alongside the wharves, which are connected by
rail
  withall parts of the colony. The facilities given for shipping wool direct to England from this port have caused a very extensive wool-broking
trade
  to grow up in the town. The country surrounding Geelong is agricultural, but there are large limestone quarries
east
  of the town, and in the Otway Forest, 23 M. distant, coal is worked. Geelong was incorporated in 1849.


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