GAP

This article appears in Volume V11, Page 455 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: GAG-GEO

GAP , the

capital

CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

of the French department of the Hautes Alpes. Pop. (1906) town, 6888; commune, 10,823. It is built at a height of 2418 ft. on the right bank of the Luye (an affluent of the Durance), in an agreeable position, and is dominated afar by snowy peaks on the N.E. The little city has the look of a Provencal town, being white. The 17th-century cathedral church has been entirely reconstructed (1866-1905). In the prefecture is the tomb of the constable de Lesdiguieres (1543-1626), dating from about 1613, and due to a

Lorraine

LORRAINE

sculptor, Jacob Richier. The same building contains various scientific and archaeological collections, as well as the very rich archives, which include many MSS. from the monastery of Durbon, &c. There are a few small manufactories of purely local importance. Gap is connected by railway with Briancon (511 m.) and with Grenoble (851 m.), while from the railway junction of Veynes. (161 m. W. of Gap) it is 122 M. by rail to Marseilles. The episcopal
Bulala dynasty, an offshoot of the royal family of Kanem, whose

rule

RULE

in the 15th century extended from the Shari to Darfur. The existence of the state was first mentioned by Leo Africanus. To the Bornuese it was known as Bulala or Kuka Bulala, a name which persists as that of a

district

DISTRICT

in French Congo (see BORNU). The similarity of the name Gaoga to that of the Songhoi

capital

CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

has given rise to much confusion.
see of Gap, now in the ecclesiastical province of Aix en

Provence

PROVENCE (Provincia, Proenza)

, is first certainly mentioned in the 6th century, and in 1791 was enlarged by the annexation of that of Embrun (then suppressed).
Gap is the Vapincum of the Romans, and was founded by

Augustus

AUGUSTUS (a name 1 derived from Lat. augeo, increase, i.e. venerable, majestic, Gr. Ee0avr6s)

about 14 B.C. It long formed part of

Provence

PROVENCE (Provincia, Proenza)

, but in 1232 most of the region passed by

marriage

MARRIAGE

to the dauphins of Viennois. The town itself, however, remained under the

rule

RULE

of the bishops until 1512, when it was annexed to the crown of France. The bishops continued to

bear

the title of

count

COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

of Gap until the Revolution. The town was sacked by the Huguenots in 1567 and 1577, and by the duke of Savoy in 1692. It was the birthplace of the reformer Guillaume Farel (1489-x565), who first preached his doctrines there about 1561-1562, but then took

refuge

REFUGE

in Switzerland.
See J. Roman, Histoire de la vale de Gap (Gap, 1892).
(W. A. B. C.)

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